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CAS NO: 2070-70-4
Introduction
The CAS number 2070-70-4 is the unique identifier for an organic compound known as 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT). This colourless solid is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is primarily used as a precursor for the manufacture of explosives, dyes and other compounds. In this paper the properties and uses of 2,4-DNT will be discussed, as well as the associated health hazards and environmental concerns.
Chemical and Physical Properties
2,4-DNT is a colourless solid with a molar mass of 182.12 g/mol. It has a melting point of 118 °C and a boiling point of 229 °C. It is soluble in organic solvents such as acetone and ethanol and is slightly soluble in water. It has a density of 1.5 g/cm3.
Synthesis
2,4-DNT can be synthesized from toluene and nitric acid. This reaction is a two-step process in which toluene is nitrated first with nitric acid to form a mixture of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene. The mixture is then purified by fractional distillation to obtain pure 2,4-DNT.
Uses
2,4-DNT is primarily used as a precursor for the manufacture of explosives such as TNT and tetryl. It is also used in the production of dyes and other compounds such as herbicides and pesticides. In addition, it is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and in the manufacture of rubber and plastic products.
Health Hazards
2,4-DNT is toxic and can be absorbed through the skin and lungs. Exposure to high concentrations of 2,4-DNT can cause irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation of high concentrations of the compound can cause dizziness, headaches and nausea. Prolonged and repeated exposure can lead to liver and kidney damage.
Environmental Hazards
2,4-DNT is highly toxic to aquatic life and can bioaccumulate in the food chain. It is also a persistent organic pollutant (POP) and can remain in the environment for long periods of time. As a result, it can be transported long distances and have a wide range of environmental impacts.
Conclusion
In conclusion, 2,4-DNT is an organic compound with a variety of uses, including the manufacture of explosives, dyes and other compounds. However, it is toxic and can cause serious health effects if exposure is prolonged or repeated. It is also a persistent organic pollutant and can have a wide range of environmental impacts.